How are human activities impacting biological diversity?

Human activities are significantly impacting biological diversity primarily through habitat destruction and pollution. When natural habitats, such as forests, wetlands, and oceans, are altered or destroyed for agriculture, urban development, or industrial purposes, the ecosystems that sustain a variety of plant and animal species are disrupted. This loss of habitat leads to a reduction in biodiversity, as many species may become endangered or extinct when they are unable to find the resources they need to survive, such as food, shelter, and breeding areas.

Pollution also plays a critical role in diminishing biological diversity. Contaminants from industrial processes, agricultural runoff, and waste disposal can degrade ecosystems and harm living organisms. For instance, water pollution affects aquatic life, while air pollution can lead to health problems in wildlife and disrupt reproductive processes.

In contrast to this correct answer, the other choices do not accurately reflect the predominant ways in which human activities influence biodiversity. Promoting outbreeding and encouraging biological interactions typically lead to stronger genetic diversity and healthier ecosystems, while conserving natural habitats actively works against the decline of biodiversity. By understanding how these activities affect ecosystems, we can better appreciate the importance of protecting and preserving biological diversity.