How does temperature affect species distribution?

The influence of temperature on species distribution is significant because it plays a crucial role in determining the habitats where different species can survive and thrive. Organisms have specific temperature ranges within which they can function optimally. Extreme temperatures, whether too hot or too cold, can limit their ability to find food, reproduce, and grow.

For instance, many plants and animals are adapted to certain climatic conditions. A species that thrives in warm temperatures may struggle or die in colder regions, while those adapted to cooler climates may be unable to endure higher temperatures. This specialization results in certain species being found in specific geographical areas that provide the right thermal conditions for their survival.

In essence, temperature creates boundaries around the habitats where species can flourish, effectively restricting their distribution to those areas where the climate is suitable for their physiological needs and life processes. This concept is fundamental to understanding biodiversity, as it shapes the ecosystems and community structures found in different regions worldwide.