What could be a consequence if a mutation occurs in a sex cell?

A mutation occurring in a sex cell, such as a sperm or egg cell, can be significant because these cells contribute to the genetic makeup of an offspring when fertilization occurs. If a mutation is present in a sex cell and that cell is involved in creating a new individual, the mutation can be inherited by the offspring. This means that the genetic change will not end with the parent but instead, will be passed on, potentially affecting the traits and characteristics of the next generation.

In contrast, if a mutation happens in a somatic (non-reproductive) cell, it will not be inherited by offspring because it does not contribute to the genetic material passed during reproduction. Therefore, only mutations in sex cells have the potential to have generational effects, making the transfer of genetic changes crucial for the understanding of biological diversity and evolution.