What defines a species' range?

The range of a species refers specifically to the geographical area where that species can thrive and reproduce successfully. This encompasses the habitats, climates, and environmental conditions that are suitable for the species' survival and establishment. Understanding a species' range is critical in biological diversity studies as it informs us about the ecological needs of the species, its interactions with other organisms, and the potential impacts of environmental changes, such as habitat loss or climate change.

While adaptability to a habitat and genetic diversity are important characteristics of a species, they do not define the geographical limits where the species can be found. The population size of a species contributes to its viability but does not determine its range. In essence, option B captures the concept of a species’ range by emphasizing the spatial distribution necessary for the species' survival and reproduction.