What role do keystone species play in their ecosystems?

Keystone species play a crucial role in maintaining the structure and balance of their ecosystems due to their significant influence on the environment and the species that inhabit it. These organisms can affect various aspects of the ecosystem, including population dynamics and community interactions, even though they may not be the most abundant species present.

By performing unique ecological functions, such as predation, herbivory, or creating habitat, keystone species help to regulate and stabilize the community. For instance, a keystone predator can control the population of herbivores, which in turn affects the vegetation and ultimately impacts the overall health and diversity of the ecosystem. The loss of a keystone species can lead to dramatic changes and potentially destabilize the entire ecosystem, illustrating their importance in maintaining ecological balance.