Which area is likely to have a higher diversity index?

A country near the equator typically boasts a higher diversity index due to its warm climate and abundant rainfall, which create ideal conditions for a wide variety of plant and animal life. The equatorial regions, such as the Amazon rainforest and tropical rainforests in Southeast Asia, are known for their complex ecosystems and high levels of biodiversity.

This high biodiversity is the result of a stable climate, less seasonal variation, and a range of habitats that support numerous species. In contrast, areas closer to the poles often experience harsher climates with extreme temperatures and limited sunlight, which can restrict the types and numbers of species that can thrive there. Similarly, countries in the southern hemisphere or those in temperate zones may have differing levels of biodiversity, but they generally do not rival the diversity seen near the equator due to factors like changing seasons and varying climates that can limit species richness.